1 April 2017

Apricots and almonds–all whistle now


A-Z challenge - My memories of life on the farm in the nineteen fifties and sixties

This is the first in a series of 26 posts, each day in April except Sundays, one letter of the alphabet.

My father planted a wide variety of fruit trees between the farm house and the cowshed. These trees were our source of fresh fruit and the excess each season was stewed, made into jam or bottled and preserved for consumption during winter months.

Apricots 

Fresh from the tree these were delicious. Mum often served apricots cut in half and sprinkled with a little coconut. Fresh cream on the table completed the treat. My father was quite a champion of piling copious quantities of jam and lovely thick cream onto a single slice of bread. He then cut it neatly into four quarters and we watched with anticipation to see if it would reach his mouth without jam or cream sliding off that tiny quarter.

Apricots ripen in the hottest weather and as the season wore on and the ripening quickened, some became soft and suitable only for jam. Lined up around the table my sisters and I stoned and sliced apricots by the bucket load. The softest ones were consigned to the jam pot with firm ones packed carefully into sterilised jars. These were topped with sugar syrup, a rubber band placed carefully around the rim then the Vacola metal lid clipped into place. Jars were stood in boiling water and removed carefully after they were cooked.

The jam pot which bubbled and hissed on the stove needed regular stirring to ensure it did not stick to the pan. There were no non-stick pots or pans in our farmhouse in the fifties and sixties. A spill of hot jam produces a nasty burn, one had to take care. A ladle was used to transfer the hot jam into the previously sterilised jars which were re-used from year to year. It was best to cover the jam while it was still hot. The round cellophane covers had been purchased in advance. In the packets there were also paper labels to record the date and type of jam. One dampened the cellophane cover, stretched it over the top then held it in place with a rubber band. The kitchen after a day of bottling and jam making was a hot and sticky place, no air conditioning or fans.

Almonds

The almond tree yielded well in good years. On a designated day we would gather around the table to shell the almonds. Once the soft outer case had been peeled away it was time to crack the inner shell. I’ll always remember Mum urging us to whistle or sing while we worked, a strategy designed to prevent the consumption of this well-prized product of the orchard. The precious shelled almonds were hidden carefully in the pantry away from marauding mouths and used sparingly throughout the year.

Next up  B  - Bulls in the paddock, baking and bicycling






22 March 2017

A- Z Challenge 2017 Theme Reveal

During the month of April, the A-Z world wide blogging challenge involves bloggers posting using a letter of the alphabet for each consecutive day except Sundays. Last year on my Library Currants blog I wrote about mobile apps each day in April. Here’s a summary post of all those apps reviewed in April 2016.

This year I’m taking a family history focus, recalling My memories of life on the farm in the nineteen fifties and sixties.

Memories fade with time so best to get them down in writing before age or misfortune overtakes. Last year Maureen over at Exploring Family posted her experiences of a rural childhood which inspired me to look back too.

Some stories will be personal, some just fun and memories – short and sweet so I can keep up the pace.  All posts will  be subject to editing as my siblings may have different versions of events or more exact detail. I’ll do my best to report life as I remember with a few diversions in time along the way. Indeed they were Earlier Years.

Come along for the ride, How much do you remember from your childhood? Your comments and memories are welcome too.

14 March 2017

Stormy weather and a dedication

Horgan memorial window
Sts John and Paul
 Catholic Church, Tarlee, S.A.
A downpour of 52 mm of rain in an hour accompanied by loud thunder and lightning reminded me of one of my mother’s sayings. She explained thunder to her small children as  “God moving his furniture around upstairs”.

No furniture was moved in the recent storm but we awoke the next morning to see many of the wooden sleepers in our pathway had been floated from their gravel bed. Minor damage indeed compared to the damage done to farmer’s crops throughout the years by storms or rain at inopportune times.

On investigating the condition of farming near Tarlee for Honora Horgan and her sons in the time shortly after husband John’s death in 1883, I found this report of conditions at the completion of harvest in 1885.

The correspondent was answering these 7 questions posed by a circular from The Adelaide Observer.
Harvest Returns
1. What is the name and the extent of the country you report upon?
2. What is the area of land reaped this year, and how much more than last year?
3. What is the general estimate of the average yield of wheat per acre in your district ?
4. What area is under hay, and what is your estimate of the yield thereof ?
5. Have the wheat crops been injured? Cause of injury ? Extent of injury ?
6. Is your district below or above Goyder's line of rainfall ? How much land is under fallow in your district?
7. General remarks, stating whether your land was scarified, ploughed, or mullenized, and how sown.
 The correspondent's responses 

1. Tarlee East to Taylor's Range, Tarlee West to the Alma Range, Tarlee North to Macaw Creek, Tarlee South four miles. [ed. Honora’s farm was 5.5 miles south, close enough for these figures to provide a picture of farming in the district]
2. About the same as last year.
3 From 7 to 8 bushels.
4. About sufficient for local requirements; 20 cwt. to the acre.
5. Yes, Frosts, redrust, takeall and the severe storms. June too wet, July too dry. Five bushels per acre.
6. Below. More fallow than usual.
7. About one-third fallow, one-third ploughed, the remainder scarified twice. None mullenized. Seed sower and by the hand. The red rust worst in the rich land in the hills, paddocks that promised up to 25 bushels going from 8 to 16 bushels. New Zealand oats yielded up to 27 bushels, and to 2 tons per acre for bay.1
Severe storms and crop diseases, indeed not an encouraging report for the struggling family. Life was certainly not easy for our ancestors.


Goyder's line of rainfall In 1870 a Land Bill was introduced into parliament to limit the subdivision of land deemed suitable for crops.2  Goyder had carried out a survey of South Australia in 1865 and established a 'line' above which less than 10 inches of rain in a year could be expected. The land north of this line was deemed suitable for pastoral use only, not to be cropped.

Take-all is a fungal disease of the roots of wheat and other cereals..3

Mullenized: Wikipedia provides this explanation
Mullenizing involved dragging a heavy roller over roughly cleared ground to crush young shoots; the field was then burnt, and a spiked log was run over the ground, and a crop of wheat sown. The next season, the stubble and any mallee regrowth was again burnt, and eventually the mallee died, though stumps remained underground.4

Detail of dedication at base of
Horgan memorial window

Even though life was difficult, Honora and her family contributed in many ways to their community. The newly built Catholic Church in Tarlee had been opened in 1877 and they attended Mass there regularly.

Some years after John's 1883 death, Honora donated a beautiful stained glass window to the church. It is dedicated to her husband's memory and that of her parents, Andrew and Catherine O'Leary.






1. 1885 'HARVEST RETURNS.', Adelaide Observer (SA : 1843 - 1904), 14 February, p. 10. , viewed 02 Mar 2017, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160735113
2. 1870 'The Advertiser FRIDAY, JUNE 3, 1870.', The South Australian Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1858 - 1889), 3 June, p. 2. , viewed 02 Mar 2017, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28592088
3. Soil Quality http://www.soilquality.org.au/factsheets/take-all-disease viewed 2 March 2017
4. Stump-jump plough https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stump-jump_plough viewed 2 March 2017